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MONDAY 03-14-22 PODCASTS 6AM – 7AM – 8AM
TUESDAY 03-15-22 PODCASTS 6AM – 7AM – 8AM
WEDNESDAY 03-16-22 PODCASTS 6AM – 7AM – 8AM
THURSDAY 03-17-22 PODCASTS 6AM – 7AM – 8AM
FRIDAY 03-18-22 PODCASTS 6AM – 7AM – 8AM
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Friday 03-18-22 Bill Meyer Show Guest Information
7:10 Greg Roberts – Mr. Outdoors from www.RogueWeather.com and today’s Outdoor report.
7:35 Christine Drazan, GOP candidate for Oregon Governor, former state Hour Republican Leader. Learn more at www.ChristineForOregon.com
8:10 Adam Hardage – CEO of Remote Health Systems www.RHSUSA.com and Former Military Intelligence officer
I’M HIRING ALL THE PROVIDERS WHO REFUSED THE VAXX MANDATES
Adam was severely dismayed when he saw thousands of great health care workers being cast aside because they didn’t want an experimental jab put in their bodies. He could not understand why, in the middle of a “pandemic”, our healthcare workers would come under such visceral attack.
He also couldn’t understand why medical freedom and rights had evaporated in America.
“I couldn’t believe the level of talent, years of experience, just being cast aside. I knew I had to do something, and that this was an incredible and purpose driven business opportunity. America needs a healthcare system that they can trust” says Hardage.
So Adam got to work. He completely restructured his 5 year old telemedicine company to hire the anti-jab critical thinking nurses and doctors, and to focus on providing preventative Covid treatments such as Ivermectin as the main goal of his business. Currently www.RHSUSA.com has providers in all 50 states to help Americans get the healthcare they need.
And it’s expanding even more.
Adam talks with me about the need and actions being taken everywhere to stand up a working medical system in America. Because let’s face it, with the lockstep Fauci bootlickers in charge of the Hospital systems in America right now, you more likely will receive death, than care.
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Thursday 03-17-22 Bill Meyer Show Guest Information
6:35 Gregory Wrightstone, is a geologist and the Executive Director of the CO2 Coalition in Arlington Virginia. He is bestselling author of Inconvenient Facts: The Science that Al Gore doesn’t want you to know
Saudi Arabia reportedly considering accepting yuan instead of dollar for oil sales
US dollar’s dominance in oil markets may face challenge as Saudis reportedly eye yuan-based sales deal with China
Russia-Ukraine war exposes fissures between Obama, Biden officials with oil-rich country leaders
Inconvenient Facts: The Science that Al Gore doesn’t want you to know
By
Gregory Wrightstone
Here are the energy options for America:
- Reliance on Russian, Iranian, Saudi and Venezuelan oil now
- Reliance on Chinese critical minerals to power our renewable future
- Reliance on American coal, oil and natural gas now and in the future
Choose one, please.
Gregory Wrightstone is a geologist with more than 35 years of studying the Earth’s processes. He earned a bachelor’s degree from Waynesburg University and a master’s from West Virginia University, both in the field of geology. He has presented the results of his research around the world, including India, Ireland and China.
Gregory’s book was the result of a quest for the truth about climate change – a subject uncritically reported by the mainstream media of an Earth lurching inexorably toward climate apocalypse. Contrary to the hyperbole of climate alarmists, Wrightstone’s review of the science provides the historical context of the Earth that shows clearly that rising temperatures and increasing carbon dioxide are benefiting both the planet and the human condition.
Greg is a strong proponent of the scientific process and believes that policy decisions should be driven by science, facts and data – not a political agenda.
https://co2coalition.org, https://inconvenientfacts.xyz
https://www.facebook.com/TheCO2Coalition/, https://www.facebook.com/inconvenientfacts.xyz/
https://twitter.com/CO2Coalition, https://twitter.com/gwrightstone
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7:10 Craig Shirley, accomplished Presidential historian, and his new, April 1945: The Hinge of History, is a riveting, engaging chronicle of one of the final climactic months of World War II.
The long-awaited follow up to Mr. Shirley’s highly acclaimed December 1941, April 1945 tells of the final months of the Second World War. Vigorously researched and rich in details, the book not only explores the titanic final battles of the war but also delves into the events that transformed the everyday lives of Americans and served as a catalyst for America’s shift into its role as a superpower.
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Wednesday 03-16-22 Bill Meyer Show Guest Information
6:35 “Wheels Up Wednesday” with Eric Peters, automotive journalist with www.EpAutos.com and here’s just some of what we discuss from his site:
The Mobile Matrix – https://www.ericpetersautos.com/2022/03/14/the-mobile-matrix/
Let Them Drive Teslas – https://www.ericpetersautos.com/2022/03/13/let-them-drive-teslas/
The 2022 Hyundai Santa Cruz – https://www.ericpetersautos.com/2022/03/13/2022-hyundai-santa-cruz/
7:10 Mr. X, show contributor and researcher/activist is in studio
https://ferconline.ferc.gov/Login.aspx
HOW TO COMMENT TO NOT REMOVE THE KLAMATH DAMS
- Here is the link to sign up to electronically comment at FERC:
https://ferconline.ferc.gov/Login.aspx
SOME POINTS TO HELP GENERATE A COMMENT
Ed “Mr. X” and I discussed this in depth on my Wednesday 3/16/22 show. Here’s a link and you can download the mp3 and listen to this hour for background and suggestions:
https://oregonedeals.com/podcast/index.php?p=episode&name=2022-03-16_03-16-22_wednesday_7am.mp3
Captain William E. Simpson has written critiques of Dam Removal – good thought-starters here: https://www.capitalpress.com/opinion/columns/commentary-what-the-public-needs-to-know-about-klamath-river-dams/article_9c3f9a46-fbc8-11eb-9cc2-6bf85aa00c75.html
You can make as many comments as you wish, deadline is April 18th, 2022.
You can talk about the beneficial use of the water, its use in firefighting that is so necessary, the potential environmental degradation caused by flushing millions of tons of sediment down the Klamath as part of the dam’s destruction.
The Water behind the Dams is a Public Trust Resource for the Beneficial Use or the residents of our region.
Speak from the heart and make it meaningful.
It’s good to remember that this dam removal scheme is a “Consensus Process/Dispute Resolution”, designed to bypass the Constitution and the Superior Law of the Klamath Basin Compact, an act of Congress.
The dispute resolution section of the Compact was never considered to be used for dam removal
Here’s an Oregon law appropriate for our purposes:
ORS 183.502 Authority of agencies to use alternative means of dispute resolution; model rules; amendment of agreements and forms; agency alternative dispute resolution programs.
- Unless otherwise prohibited by law,
(Note from Bill and Ed: The Klamath Compact is Superior Law, and is what should be followed, not dispute resolution)
agencies may use alternative means of dispute resolution in rulemaking proceedings, contested case proceedings, judicial proceedings in which the agency is a party, and any other decision-making process in which conflicts may arise. The alternative means of dispute resolution may be arbitration, mediation or any other collaborative problem-solving process designed to encourage parties to work together to develop mutually agreeable solutions to disputes. Use of alternative means of dispute resolution by an agency does not affect the application of ORS 192.311 to 192.478 to the agency, or the application of ORS 192.610 to 192.690 to the agency.)
Here’s another interesting Oregon law regarding administrative rules:
(ORS 183.400 Judicial determination of validity of rule. (1) The validity of any rule may be determined upon a petition by any person to the Court of Appeals in the manner provided for review of orders in contested cases. The court shall have jurisdiction to review the validity of the rule whether or not the petitioner has first requested the agency to pass upon the validity of the rule in question, but not when the petitioner is a party to an order or a contested case in which the validity of the rule may be determined by a court.
(2) The validity of any applicable rule may also be determined by a court, upon review of an order in any manner provided by law or pursuant to ORS 183.480 or upon enforcement of such rule or order in the manner provided by law.
(3) Judicial review of a rule shall be limited to an examination of:
(a) The rule under review;
(b) The statutory provisions authorizing the rule; and
(c) Copies of all documents necessary to demonstrate compliance with applicable rulemaking procedures.
(4) The court shall declare the rule invalid only if it finds that the rule:
- Violates constitutional provisions;
Note from Bill and Ed – Remember, The Compact is Superior Law, and a constitutional pathway. The consensus/dispute resolution process used to remove the dams is bringing forth an administrative technicality based on licensing of hydroelectric power. The administrative technicalities do not overwhelm or overpower the constitutional pathway created by the Klamath River Basin Compact) How important was hydroelectric power in the compact? It was FIFTH down in priority. Just because Pac Power wants the hydro license to go away doesn’t mean the higher priority uses of the water disappear and go away and the dams come out because of “no hydropower in the dam”.
Proof – Here is the list of priority of water uses in the Klamath River Basin Compact https://oregon.public.law/statutes/ors_542.620
- Domestic use,
- Irrigation use,
- Recreational use, including use for fish and wildlife
- Industrial use,
- Generation of Hydroelectric Power,
- Such other uses as are recognized under the laws of the state involved.
ALSO – ASK IN YOUR COMMENT TO USE FERC’s “NO ACTION OPTION”. Here it is from the FERC announcement in February:
No-action Alternative (Bill’s NOTE – THIS IS THE ONE WE LIKE) Under the no-action alternative, the Lower Klamath Project would continue to operate as it does today, under the terms and conditions of the existing annual license. There would be no disturbance of existing environmental conditions at the site, and there would be no new environmental protection, mitigation, or enhancement measures. The project dams would remain in place. The no-action alternative would not address the water quality and disease issues which, when combined with the ongoing trend of increased temperatures, poses a substantial risk to the survival of one of the few remaining Chinook salmon populations in California that still sustain important commercial, recreational, and Tribal fisheries. If hydropower generation were to continue under the no-action alternative, the Commission’s relicensing proceeding would resume, and the Commission would ultimately have to determine whether and under what conditions to relicense the project. The current licensee, PacifiCorp, has decided not to seek a license for the project and no other entity has come forward to continue operating the project for hydropower generation. Until it is relicensed, the project features would be maintained and operated by KRRC and the states, assuming acceptance of the transfer of the license, or by PacifiCorp, the current licensee. Ultimately, the project would have to be either relicensed or decommissioned because perpetual annual licensing is not authorized under the FPA.
Okay, there’s a lot of thought starters for your comment.
FINALLY
The following is the full FERC EIS announcement from late February for background and your understanding.
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This afternoon, Federal Energy Regulatory Commission staff posted its draft Environmental Impact Statement for the surrender, decommissioning, and removal of project works of the Lower Klamath Hydroelectric Project No. 14803. The project sits near the California and Oregon border on the Klamath River. Comments on the draft EIS are due April 18. A summary of the draft EIS is below; the link is available here: FERC Staff Issues the Draft Environmental Impact Statement for the Hydropower License Surrender and Decommissioning of the Lower Klamath Project No. 14803 (P-14803-001) | Federal Energy Regulatory Commission
Statement for the Hydropower License Surrender and Decommissioning of the Lower Klamath Project No. 14803 (P-14803-001)
February 25, 2022
Docket Number: P-14803-001
Issued: February 25, 2022
Commission Staff prepared a draft Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) for the surrender, decommissioning, and removal of project works of the Lower Klamath Hydroelectric Project No. 14803.
On November 17, 2020, the Klamath River Renewal Corporation and PacifiCorp filed an amended application for surrender of the license and removal of project works for the Lower Klamath Hydroelectric Project, located on the Klamath River in Klamath County, Oregon, and in Siskiyou County, California. The project occupies approximately 400 acres of federal land administered by the U.S. Department of Interior, Bureau of Land Management (BLM) and consists of four developments: J.C. Boyle, Copco No. 1, Copco No. 2, and Iron Gate.
The Commission issued a license for the original Klamath Hydroelectric Project No. 2082, in January 1954. The license expired in 2006, and in 2004, PacifiCorp filed an application to relicense the project. Filing of the surrender application follows PacifiCorp’s decision not to relicense the Klamath Project, as recommended in Commission staff’s 2007 EIS in which staff analyzed various alternatives to licensing the project, but ultimately recommended issuing a new license with mandatory conditions, including provisions for fish passage. PacifiCorp determined that implementing those conditions would require operating the project at a loss. Since 2007, negotiations among the parties have led to the development of two transfer applications, an amendment application to create the Lower Klamath Project, and the amended surrender application.
The primary issues associated with license surrender and removal of project works are: potential effects on aquatic biota, including Chinook salmon, Endangered Species Act-listed coho salmon and suckers, and other fish and wildlife species; adequacy of measures proposed to restore vegetation on formerly inundated lands; effects on riverine and reservoir-based recreation; effects on local property owners due to effects on waterfront access, wells, firefighting/prevention, slope stability, reservoir aesthetics, and property values, as well as effects on traffic, emergency response times, air quality, and noise during construction; effects of dewatering on culturally important sites and removal of historic project features; and socioeconomic effects on disadvantaged communities.
In the draft EIS, Commission staff recommends the staff alternative, which consists of mitigation measures included in the application, as well as mandatory conditions made by state and federal agencies, and additional measures developed by Commission staff.
The deadline to comment on the draft EIS is April 18, 2022.
Thank you and please let us know if you have any questions.
Rob
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Rob Thormeyer
Director, State, International, & Public Affairs Division
Federal Energy Regulatory Commission
(w) 202-502-8694
(cell) 202-465-5717
MORE BACKGROUND
The KHSA included over 20 interim measures that have been implemented by PacifiCorp since 2010 to assess and address environmental conditions and improve fisheries prior to dam removal. The KHSA defines the interim period as the period between the date that the KHSA was originally executed (February 18, 2010) and the decommissioning of the dams, which would occur once there has been a physical disconnection of the facility from PacifiCorp’s transmission grid. The KHSA measures include funding for coho salmon habitat restoration and acquisition, measures to improve water quality, hatchery operations, studies and pilot projects, and removal of several diversion dams on tributaries to the Klamath River. The KHSA interim measures and their completion status are described in section 2.5.
No-action Alternative (Bill’s NOTE – THIS IS THE ONE WE LIKE) Under the no-action alternative, the Lower Klamath Project would continue to operate as it does today, under the terms and conditions of the existing annual license. There would be no disturbance of existing environmental conditions at the site, and there would be no new environmental protection, mitigation, or enhancement measures. The project dams would remain in place. The no-action alternative would not address the water quality and disease issues which, when combined with the ongoing trend of increased temperatures, poses a substantial risk to the survival of one of the few remaining Chinook salmon populations in California that still sustain important commercial, recreational, and Tribal fisheries. If hydropower generation were to continue under the no-action alternative, the Commission’s relicensing proceeding would resume, and the Commission would ultimately have to determine whether and under what conditions to relicense the project. The current licensee, PacifiCorp, has decided not to seek a license for the project and no other entity has come forward to continue operating the project for hydropower generation. Until it is relicensed, the project features would be maintained and operated by KRRC and the states, assuming acceptance of the transfer of the license, or by PacifiCorp, the current licensee. Ultimately, the project would have to be either relicensed or decommissioned because perpetual annual licensing is not authorized under the FPA.
33 U.S.C. § 1341(a)(1)
https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/33/1341
In February 2010, PacifiCorp and 47 other parties, including the States of
Oregon and California, Department of the Interior, and NMFS, executed the KHSA, which provided for the removal of the four developments after passage of federal legislation and approval by the Secretary of the Interior. Congress, however, did not enact the required legislation by January 2016, which triggered the KHSA’s dispute resolution procedures. The Klamath Basin Restoration Agreement, which was executed concurrently with the KHSA and was part of the basis for federal legislation to remove the dams, expired on December 31, 2015. Following several dispute resolution meetings, the States of Oregon and California, Department of the Interior, U.S. Department of Commerce, and PacifiCorp proposed amendments to the Settlement Agreement that would eliminate the need for federal legislation and instead achieve dam removal through a license transfer and surrender process, which led to the 2016 amended KHSA.
Public Involvement and Areas of Concern
Before KRRC and PacifiCorp’s Surrender Application Since the late 1990s, the potential removal of the Lower Klamath Project dams has been the subject of environmental studies leading to multiple federal and state agency regulatory analysis under the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969, section 401 of the Clean Water Act16 (CWA), and the California Environmental Policy Act to consider and disclose the effects of relicensing or decommissioning of the J.C. Boyle, Copco No. 1, Copco No. 2 and Iron Gate Developments. This environmental analysis through the 2000s contributed to the KHSA17 (2010, as amended in 2016), in which state and federal agencies, PacifiCorp, and many stakeholders agreed on a process to decommission these four developments. The KHSA included over 20 interim measures that have been implemented by PacifiCorp since 2010 to assess and address environmental conditions and improve fisheries prior to dam removal. The KHSA defines the interim period as the period between the date that the KHSA was originally executed (February 18, 2010) and the decommissioning of the dams, which would occur once there has been a physical disconnection of the facility from PacifiCorp’s transmission grid. The KHSA measures include funding for coho salmon habitat restoration and acquisition, measures to improve water quality, hatchery operations, studies and pilot projects, and removal of several diversion dams on tributaries to the Klamath River. The KHSA interim measures and their completion status are described in section 2.5. After KRRC and PacifiCorp’s Surrender Application On December 16, 2020, the Commission issued a notice of application for surrender of license, soliciting comments, motions to intervene, and protests. On June 17, 2021, the Commission issued a notice of intent to prepare an EIS for the proposed Lower Klamath Project surrender and removal, request for comments on
Staff Conclusions
Based on our independent review and evaluation of the environmental and economic effects of the proposed action, the proposed action with staff modifications, and the no-action alternative, with the best available information at the time of this analysis, we recommend the proposed action with staff modifications as the preferred action. We recommend this because: (1) the environmental protection, mitigation, and enhancement measures proposed by KRRC, along with staff’s additional recommendations, would adequately protect environmental resources, restore project lands to a good condition, minimize adverse effects on environmental resources, maximize benefits to the Chinook salmon fishery that is of vital importance to the Tribes, and restore the landscape of the areas that are currently impounded within the project reach to a more natural state consistent with the Wild and Scenic designated sections between J.C. Boyle and Copco No. 1 Dams and downstream of the hydroelectric reach18; (2) any short- and long-term, adverse environmental effects and the loss of power generation resulting from the proposed action would be outweighed by the substantial long-term environmental benefits gained from project decommissioning; (3) no entity has come forward willing to ensure the long-term maintenance or needed upgrades to facilities left in place under the no-action alternative; and (4) section 6 of the Federal Power Act and the Commission’s regulations allow licensees to surrender existing project licenses and cease project operation. Under the proposed action with staff additional recommendations, the Commission would authorize the decommissioning of the J.C. Boyle, Copco No. 1, Copco No. 2, and Iron Gate Developments. However, license surrender would become effective only after all measures required by the surrender order are adequately completed.
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8:10 Kerry McQuisten, candidate for Oregon Governor, Republican Party. www.KerryMcQuisten.com Today, Kerry will be at the Jackson County Republican Party HQ, 311 East Main Street in Medford for a “Candidate Meet and Greet” at 6pm.
8:35 “Open For Business” with Matt Allen of Reverse Mortgage Funding LLC. Matt and I talk about what Reverse Mortgages do, if they’re right for you, the advantages of getting a reverse mortgage as part of a retirement strategy. Call Matt at 541-897-4464 to find out more, www.reversefunding.com/matt-allen
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Tuesday 03-15-22 Bill Meyer Show Guest Information
7:10 Kevin Starrett, founder of Oregon Firearms Federation www.oregonfirearms.org and we discuss the state of state politics, and candidate surveys he’s receiving back from “potentials”.
7:35 Josephine County Commissioner Herman Baertschiger Oregon GOP Chair, and we talk of the “backroom” issues affecting the ORP’s mission of electing more Republicans statewide.
8:35 Open for Business Jamie Batte, Broker with TruHome – Jamie is the sponsor of our weekly “Real Estate Spotlight”, a weekly discussion of Real Estate Opportunities and Info in the Rogue Valley.
Email Jamie for more information jamie@truhome.me
541-890-1089
713 S Riverside Ave
Medford OR 97501
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Monday 03-14-22 Bill Meyer Show Guest Information
6:30 John Anthony from the Sustainable Freedom Lab – www.sustainablefreedomlab.com and John has a great essay on Covid’s Lessons No One Wants to Believe:
COVID’s Lesson No One Wants to Believe
Since COVID arrived in the US in January 2020, American’s lives have changed.
Fear spread while science crumbled in the face of masks, lockdowns, social distancing, and gene therapy. Emergency powers stripped our way of life in a manner no conquering nation could.
Lockdowns delayed diagnosis, one-size-fits-all hospital protocols ravaged families, and bodily freedom surrendered to vaccine mandates. Businesses shuttered, murders and depression rose, divisions grew, students fell behind, voter fraud skyrocketed, censorship emerged, and freedom of religion and speech were cast aside like an expired contract.
None of this had to happen.
Read More – https://sustainablefreedomlab.org/2022/03/13/covids-tough-lesson-no-one-wants-to-believe/
7:35 Oregon GOP Gubernatorial candidate and former state house Republican Leader Christine Drazan talks the issues in the race. www.ChristineForOregon.com
Meet Christine Drazan 5 p.m., Thursday, March 17, 2022
at the JCRP office, located at 311 E. Main St., Medford, 97501.
For more information contact the JCRP office at (541)770-5277.
Meet Christine at the JCRP office, located at 311 E. Main St., Medford, 97501.
For more information contact the JCRP office at (541)770-5277.
8:10 Dr. Dennis Powers, former professor of Business Law at southern Oregon University, with today’s “Where Past Meets Present” – More on Dennis’s Books at www.DennisPowersBooks.com
Jim Parsons and Parsons Pine Products
By Dennis Powers
Born in 1918 in Red Bluff, California, Jim Parsons was raised on ranches in Montana and Oregon. After graduating from Ashland High School in 1936, he attended Southern Oregon Normal School and appeared in early Shakespeare Festival productions under Angus Bowmer. While at a school dance, Jim met fellow student Effie Sweet from Port Orford. In June of 1941, Jim and Effie married, and he graduated from the University of Oregon with a B.A. in broadcasting.
When World War II broke out, they rented a store with an apartment in the back, and opened the “Vitamin Market,” selling fresh fruits and vegetables. Jim began working in the SF bay area shipyards. In 1944, he joined the Navy and was sent to the South Pacific; he served in the Philippines as a Lieutenant and commanded landing craft. After discharge, he remained there while starting an inter-island shipping business. The business thrived, but health issues brought Jim back to the States in 1948.
As a career in broadcasting meant living in a big city with no hunting or fishing nearby, he and Effie started a wood remanufacturing/recycling business in Ashland. Using trim ends from local mills, the business provided packing boxes for valley orchards. As it expanded, a cut-stock plant (“Parsons Pine Products” or “PPP”) was formed. At the plant on Helman Street, they created louvre slats, door and window parts, Lincoln logs, and mouse and rat trap blanks with Fisher Price and Mattel as major clients.
Jim Parsons built much of the machinery, patented a sand-belt cleaner, and developed narrow-kerf-smooth saw blades to better production. The overriding goal was to utilize every inch of raw product. The company prospered to employ more than one hundred people later from the one they started with. Innovative incentives–such as well pay, safety pay, retro pay, and profit sharing were created–which are now concepts expanded on in business-management textbooks. Jim also served for several years on the Board of Directors for Navaho Forest Products. Until the Spotted Owl controversy, this business continued in its prominent niche.
In May 1991, U.S. District Court Judge William Dwyer (1929-2002) ruled in favor of the National Audubon Society and the Sierra Club Legal Defense Fund, which challenged the U.S. Forest Service’s 1986 Forest Management Plan as inadequate to protect the bird. Dwyer issued a sweeping ruling that halted all logging in the spotted owl’s habitat region under Federal jurisdiction, nearly 25 million acres in all. He ruled that the Bush Administration was breaking Federal laws by allowing so much logging on public lands that the owl could become extinct; and ordered the Forest Service to halt more than 75 percent of its planned timber sales–2 billion board feet–until the agency developed a final plan to protect the threatened species. Litigation continued but the damage was done.
This action quickly curtailed the business, as volumes spiraled down and employees needed to be let go. Effie and Jim retired to Port Orford where they built a house on Coast Guard Hill above the dock (including having a cabin on the Rogue River). As they grew older, they settled into a cottage at the Rogue Valley Manor and subsequently the Manor’s Health Center. When Jim passed away in 2014 at age 95, they had been married for 73 years. Three years later, Effie passed away.
This story speaks for itself.
Source: James Walter Parsons: Obituary, Mail Tribune, May 7, 2014 at Jim Parsons; Effie Pearl Sweet Parsons: Obituary, Mail Tribune, Nov. 3, 2017, at Effie Parsons; David Wilma, “U.S. District Court Judge William Dwyer blocks timber sales to protect the northern spotted owl,” Feb. 28, 2003, History Link Website at Court Decision.